Cantonese by construction
Cantonese · The method

Bricks, rules, and sentences of your own.

Every word you learn is a reusable brick. Checked rules combine them: you build correct sentences you never learnt by heart, then you transform them, listen to them and meet them again in real situations.

The method

Six families of bricks

Every word comes in traditional characters, with its Yale romanisation (tone marks included), its audio and a meaning in context.

People
我ngóh 你néih 佢kéuih 我哋ngóh deih 你哋néih deih

佢 means both “he” and “she”. The plural is made with 哋: 我哋 (we), 你哋 (you, plural), 佢哋 (they).

Actions
飲yám 食sihk 去heui 有yáuh 鍾意jūng yi

Verbs never change: 我飲, 佢飲, 我哋飲 – no -s, no past tense ending. 飲 is for drinks, 食 for food.

Things and places
茶chàh 水séui 麵包mihn bāau 香港hēung góng 餐廳chāan tēng

No articles, no gender, no compulsory plural. The place comes straight after the verb, with no “to”: 去餐廳 (go to the restaurant).

Operators
唔m̀h 冇móuh A唔AA m̀h A 想séung 咩mē

唔 negates, right before the verb; 冇 replaces 有 in the negative. A yes/no question repeats the verb with 唔 in the middle: 飲唔飲?

Patterns
我飲茶S + V + O 我想飲茶想 + V 你飲唔飲茶?V 唔 V

The assembly rules. Nothing is glued together word for word.

Tones
詩sī 史sí 試si 時sìh 市síh 事sih

Six tones, shown in Yale romanisation by an accent on the vowel and a silent h for the low tones. The tone is part of the word: 詩 (poem) and 時 (time) are two different words.

In real life

The same bricks, everywhere

At a restaurant, on the move or meeting someone new, a few bricks are enough to make yourself understood.

the traveller ordering at the counter of a Hong Kong cha chaan teng, vinyl booths, a glass of milk tea on a Formica table, a menu of coloured boards on the wall
At a Hong Kong café
唔該,要杯奶茶。m̀h gōi, yiu būi náaih chàhA milk tea, please.
the traveller, map in hand, asks a passer-by for directions outside a metro station in Central; green double-decker trams and red taxis in the street
Getting around
唔該,地鐵站喺邊度呀?m̀h gōi, deih tit jaahm hái bīn douh aExcuse me, where’s the metro station?
the traveller chatting with a young Hong Kong woman on the deck of the Star Ferry, the towers of Hong Kong Island in the background
Meeting people
你鍾唔鍾意香港呀?néih jūng m̀h jūng yi hēung góng aDo you like Hong Kong?
A session

Fifteen minutes a day

Adjustable from 5 to 30 minutes. Missing a day costs you nothing: your progress waits for you.

Learner with earphones, phone in hand
3 min
Review
Today’s reviews, spaced according to how well you did.
4 min
New bricks
Two or three words, with their audio, their tone and their Yale romanisation.
5 min
Build
Five sentences to build or transform, with mistakes explained.
3 min
Listen
A question you hear, an answer to give.
the same traveller sharing dim sum with Hong Kong friends in a big, lively restaurant hall; bamboo steamer baskets, a teapot and cups on the round table

Lay your first brick.

Choose your goal and your pace, and the first lesson starts straight away.

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