Vietnamese by construction
Vietnamese, brick by brick

Learn the bricks. Build your sentences.

Instead of memorising lists of phrases, you learn reusable words and the rules that put them together. You build, transform and listen to sentences you have never seen before.

a traveller sitting on a low plastic stool outside a pavement café in Hanoi’s Old Quarter, a glass of iced coffee on the table, scooters going by
Want + action + object
Tôitoj˧Subject
muốnmuən˧˥Wish
uốnguəŋ˧˥Action
cà phêkaː˨˩ fe˧Object
I’d like to drink a coffee. toj˧ muən˧˥ uəŋ˧˥ kaː˨˩ fe˧
The method

Six families of bricks

Every word comes with its phonetic transcription (IPA, Hanoi accent), its audio and a meaning in context. The tone of each syllable is marked.

People
tôitoj˧ bạnɓaːn˨ˀ˩ anh ấyʔajŋ˧ ʔəj˧˥ cô ấyko˧ ʔəj˧˥ chúng tôit͡ɕuŋ˧˥ toj˧

The pronoun depends on the age of the speakers and their relationship (anh, chị, em, cô…). In the demo, bạn serves as a neutral “you”.

Actions
uốnguəŋ˧˥ ănʔan˧ điɗi˧ cókɔ˧˥ thíchtʰik˧˥

Verbs never change: tôi uống, cô ấy uống, chúng tôi uống.

Objects and places
tràt͡ɕaː˨˩ nướcnɨək˧˥ bánh mìɓajŋ˧˥ mi˨˩ Việt Namviət˨ˀ˩ naːm˧ nhà hàngɲaː˨˩ haːŋ˨˩

No articles, no gender, no plural. The place follows the verb directly: đi nhà hàng.

Operators
khôngxoŋ˧ có … khôngkɔ˧˥ … xoŋ˧ muốnmuən˧˥ gìzi˨˩ đâuɗəw˧

không goes before the verb to make it negative; a yes/no question wraps around the verb: có … không.

Patterns
Tôi uống tràS + V + O Tôi muốn uốngmuốn + V Bạn có uống không?có … không

The rules for putting bricks together. Nothing is glued word for word.

Tones
mamaː˧ màmaː˨˩ mámaː˧˥ mảmaː˧˩˧ mãmaː˧ˀ˥ mạmaː˨ˀ˩

Six tones, marked by accents. The tone is part of the word: ma, má and mạ are three different words.

In real life

The same bricks, everywhere

At a restaurant, on the move or meeting someone new, a few bricks are enough to make yourself understood.

a woman serves a steaming bowl of phở at a small street stall in Hanoi, low plastic stools, a large pot of broth
At a street stall
Chị ơi, cho tôi một bát phở.t͡ɕi˨ˀ˩ ʔəːj˧ t͡ɕɔ˧ toj˧ mot˨ˀ˩ ɓaːt˧˥ fəː˧˩˧Excuse me, miss, a bowl of phở, please.
the traveller, map in hand, asks a passer-by for directions outside Hanoi railway station, yellow façade, motorbikes and taxis
Getting around
Xin lỗi, ga Hà Nội ở đâu ạ?sin˧ loj˧ˀ˥ ɣaː˧ haː˨˩ noj˨ˀ˩ ʔəː˧˩˧ ɗəw˧ ʔaː˨ˀ˩Excuse me, where is Hanoi station?
two young people chatting on a shady bench by Hoàn Kiếm Lake, the red Thê Húc bridge in the distance
Meeting people
Bạn có thích Việt Nam không?ɓaːn˨ˀ˩ kɔ˧˥ tʰik˧˥ viət˨ˀ˩ naːm˧ xoŋ˧Do you like Vietnam?
Vietnamese around the world

Where is Vietnamese spoken?

Vietnamese was born in the Red River Delta in northern Vietnam before spreading south as far as the Mekong Delta; it is the country’s official language. Since the colonial period, and above all after 1975, emigration has formed large communities in the United States, France, Australia and Canada, and others have grown up in Central Europe and East Asia.

23456
17891011
  1. Vietnam — homeland: the Red River Delta
  2. France — Paris, a community dating from the colonial period
  3. Czechia — recognized national minority since 2013
  4. United States — Little Saigon, Orange County (California)
  5. Canada — Montreal and Toronto
  6. Australia — Sydney and Melbourne
  7. Cambodia
  8. Laos
  9. Taiwan
  10. South Korea
  11. Japan

Homeland or official language Community · Approximate positions. Natural Earth.

Demonstration

The sentence builder

Every combination is checked against the grammar. Bricks marked ≠ don’t go with your choice: pick them to find out why.

Transform
    Tôi muốn uống trà.
    toj˧ muən˧˥ uəŋ˧˥ t͡ɕaː˨˩
    I would like to drink tea.
    A session

    Fifteen minutes a day

    Adjustable from 5 to 30 minutes. Missing a day costs you nothing: your progress waits for you.

    Learner with earphones, phone in hand
    3 min
    Review
    Today’s reviews, spaced according to how well you did.
    4 min
    New bricks
    Two or three words, with their audio, their tone and their phonetic transcription.
    5 min
    Build
    Five sentences to build or transform, with mistakes explained.
    3 min
    Listen
    A question you hear, an answer to give.
    The course

    Eight weeks of discovery

    A path, not a promise of a level. Each week targets a skill you can see for yourself.

    1 The six tones, the marked vowels, pronouns, first actions Pronounce and understand very short utterances
    2 Everyday nouns, affirmative sentences Build subject–verb–object sentences
    3 Negation, yes/no questions Ask and understand simple questions
    4 Where, what, how much, numbers Get practical information
    5 Wanting, being able to, asking politely Order and make a request
    6 Time, getting around, location Describe an action and a simple journey
    7 Dialogues in real situations Respond in a travel situation
    8 Consolidation, listening, transfer Reuse what you have learnt in new sentences
    Read and pronounce

    Six tones, a Latin alphabet.

    Vietnamese is written in Latin letters, with marks for the vowels and for the six tones. Spelling is regular: once you know the marks, every syllable is read the way it is written.

    Learn the tones and sounds
    ăaăn
    ơəːcơm
    ưɨthư
    đɗđi
    nhɲnhà
    ã˧ˀ˥sữa
    Frequently asked questions

    Learning Vietnamese with KilaTalk

    What is KilaTalk, and what does learning “by construction” mean?

    KilaTalk is a language-learning app. Instead of memorising lists of phrases, you learn reusable words — people, actions, things, places — and the rules that put them together, then you build, transform and listen to your own sentences.

    Do I need an account? Is it free?

    The sentence builder and the method, pronunciation and reading pages are open to everyone, with no account. The eight-week course, reviews and your word list require an account, which is free to create.

    How much time does it take each day, and what is in the eight-week course?

    A session lasts fifteen minutes, adjustable from 5 to 30: the day’s reviews, new bricks, sentences to build and a listening task. The eight weeks go from the first sounds to real-life dialogues, through negation, questions, numbers and polite requests; it is a discovery path, not a promise of a level.

    How is pronunciation taught?

    Every word and sentence has audio you can play at normal speed or slowly (0.5×, without distorting the voice). Words come with a transcription suited to the language: pinyin for Mandarin, Yale romanisation for Cantonese, rōmaji for Japanese, Revised Romanization for Korean, the International Phonetic Alphabet for Vietnamese and most European languages, and a transliteration for Russian.

    Which languages can I learn from?

    The interface is available in six languages: English, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Chinese and French. Explanations and translations are written for each of them, with comparisons drawn from the learner’s own language.

    Who is behind KilaTalk, and can I trust the sentences?

    KilaTalk is designed and published by SDiTech, a software publisher based in France. Every sentence in the builder is checked by a grammar engine: a combination that doesn’t work is refused, with the rule explained and correct alternatives offered.

    the same traveller sharing a meal with Vietnamese friends around a low table, in the evening, on a busy Hanoi street; bowls of phở, fresh herbs, lanterns

    Lay your first brick.

    Choose your goal and your pace, and the first lesson starts straight away.

    Create my account